State profile · Below median Poor share

Texas bridge safety

According to the Federal Highway Administration's 2024 National Bridge Inventory, condition ratings, load ratings, and Poor-condition shares for every public highway bridge in Texas.

56,729
Public bridges
51.4%
Good condition
1.2%
Poor condition

Texas holds 56,729 public highway bridges (#1 of 52 by inventory) with a 1.23% Poor share (#50 of 52 by Poor share).

That is 1.2% of the state's inventory, against an average of 7.5% across the 54 states and territories with Poor-rated bridges on file, which places it 3 of 54 ordered from the lowest Poor share upward. A bridge is rated Poor when its weakest applicable component scores 4 or below on the inspecting agency's 0-9 scale, so the category is a maintenance and funding signal rather than a closure order or a live crossing-safety verdict.

Inventory: FHWA NBI 2024 · last ETL August 2026

Total Bridges

56,729

Public highway bridges in Texas

Good Condition

51.4%

29,129 bridges rated 7-9

1.4pp vs 50% benchmark

Poor Condition

1.2%

695 bridges whose lowest applicable component is rated 0-4

-6.3pp vs national avg 7.5%

Texas vs national bridge condition

Texas - Good condition share 51.4%
National avg

Share of bridges rated 7-9 on the FHWA 0-9 scale (deck, superstructure, substructure all good).

Texas - Poor-condition share 4.1%
National avg

Lower is better. Bar maxes at 30% (worst-state ceiling). National average sits at 7.5%.

Texas in the national condition pattern

Each point is a state or territory in the FHWA NBI; the highlighted point is this profile.

Inventory size and Poor-condition share are different measures: Texas has 56,729 bridges and a 1.2% Poor-condition share in the 2024 NBI, rank #3 of 54 jurisdictions ordered from the lowest share upward. The dashed comparisons mark the national average state rate and the midpoint of the plotted inventory range; neither is a live safety or closure threshold. Scatter plot of 54 data points. 0%10%20%30%40% 0k20k40k60k Public bridges in inventory (thousands) Poor-condition share (%) TX, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 56.7k · Poor-condition share (%): 1.23%AL, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 16.2k · Poor-condition share (%): 3.35%AK, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 1.7k · Poor-condition share (%): 7.89%AZ, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 8.6k · Poor-condition share (%): 1.15%AR, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 13k · Poor-condition share (%): 5.43%CA, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 25.8k · Poor-condition share (%): 5.91%CO, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 9k · Poor-condition share (%): 4.82%CT, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 4.4k · Poor-condition share (%): 4.72%DE, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 0.9k · Poor-condition share (%): 1.26%DC, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 0.3k · Poor-condition share (%): 1.95%FL, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 13k · Poor-condition share (%): 2.79%GA, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 15.1k · Poor-condition share (%): 1.59%GU, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 0k · Poor-condition share (%): 12.77%HI, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 1.2k · Poor-condition share (%): 6.53%ID, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 4.6k · Poor-condition share (%): 4.9%IL, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 26.9k · Poor-condition share (%): 9.35%IN, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 19.5k · Poor-condition share (%): 5.22%IA, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 23.7k · Poor-condition share (%): 19.16%KS, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 24.9k · Poor-condition share (%): 5.26%KY, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 14.5k · Poor-condition share (%): 7.37%LA, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 12.7k · Poor-condition share (%): 11.48%ME, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 2.5k · Poor-condition share (%): 15.41%MD, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 5.5k · Poor-condition share (%): 4.56%MA, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 5.3k · Poor-condition share (%): 8.88%MI, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 11.4k · Poor-condition share (%): 11.27%MN, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 13.5k · Poor-condition share (%): 4.44%MS, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 16.7k · Poor-condition share (%): 6.03%MO, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 24.6k · Poor-condition share (%): 8.95%MT, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 5.2k · Poor-condition share (%): 6.81%NE, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 15.4k · Poor-condition share (%): 7.9%NV, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 2.1k · Poor-condition share (%): 1.14%NH, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 2.5k · Poor-condition share (%): 7.51%NJ, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 6.8k · Poor-condition share (%): 6.01%NM, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 4k · Poor-condition share (%): 4.51%NY, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 17.6k · Poor-condition share (%): 9.43%NC, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 19.2k · Poor-condition share (%): 6.76%ND, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 4.3k · Poor-condition share (%): 10.98%OH, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 26.7k · Poor-condition share (%): 4.74%OK, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 22.9k · Poor-condition share (%): 7.7%OR, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 8.3k · Poor-condition share (%): 4.61%PA, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 23.3k · Poor-condition share (%): 12.58%PR, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 2.4k · Poor-condition share (%): 13.92%RI, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 0.8k · Poor-condition share (%): 15.2%SC, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 9.5k · Poor-condition share (%): 6.17%SD, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 5.9k · Poor-condition share (%): 16.36%TN, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 20.4k · Poor-condition share (%): 4.41%UT, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 3.1k · Poor-condition share (%): 2.91%VT, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 2.9k · Poor-condition share (%): 2.9%VI, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 0k · Poor-condition share (%): 29.17%VA, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 14.1k · Poor-condition share (%): 3.39%WA, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 8.5k · Poor-condition share (%): 5.45%WV, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 7.3k · Poor-condition share (%): 18.64%WI, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 14.4k · Poor-condition share (%): 6.52%WY, Public bridges in inventory (thousands): 3.1k · Poor-condition share (%): 6.51%
Inventory size and Poor-condition share are different measures: Texas has 56,729 bridges and a 1.2% Poor-condition share in the 2024 NBI, rank #3 of 54 jurisdictions ordered from the lowest share upward. The dashed comparisons mark the national average state rate and the midpoint of the plotted inventory range; neither is a live safety or closure threshold.

Texas vs all states by public bridge inventory

Where this state's FHWA NBI public-highway bridge count sits among every state and territory on PlainBridges

56,729 1st of 54 the highest of 54 states

States and territories, banded by public bridge inventory size

Each bar is a band; taller bars hold more states. The dashed line + filled bar mark this entry. Hover or tap any bar for its full count and share, and where it sits relative to this entry.

Source FHWA National Bridge Inventory · 2024

Read the rank neighborhood for Texas

The highlighted point is Texas: 56,729 bridges and 1.23% in Poor condition, rank #3 of 54 jurisdictions ordered from the lowest share upward. The five jurisdictions immediately above and below Texas on that same Poor-share ordering:

  • Nevada: 2,099 bridges · 1.14% Poor
  • Arizona: 8,573 bridges · 1.15% Poor
  • Texas: 56,729 bridges · 1.23% Poor
  • Delaware: 872 bridges · 1.26% Poor
  • Georgia: 15,069 bridges · 1.59% Poor

The full national sortable table lives on the rankings page.

Material families in Texas

Exclusive FHWA material families across all 56,729 bridges in this state; continuous variants fold into the parent family. Orthogonal to the Poor-share scatter above.

Who maintains Texas’s inventory

State agency holds 62.9% of the 56,729 public highway bridges filed under Texas in the 2024 NBI, the agency-of-record split for this state, not a condition verdict.

When Texas’s bridges were built

Pre-1950 construction accounts for 13.5% of the 56,729 bridges with a recorded original year in Texas. Era bands are orthogonal to the Poor-share ranking above.

Condition Distribution

Texas51.3%47.4%GoodFairPoor
Bridge inventory deck-condition mix - Texas (FHWA NBI)

Counties (252)

Anderson 176 Andrews 2 Angelina 183 Aransas 22 Archer 125 Armstrong 11 Atascosa 176 Austin 214 Bailey 4 Bandera 67 Bastrop 282 Baylor 57 Bee 130 Bell 660 Bexar 2342 Blanco 63 Borden 52 Bosque 145 Bowie 331 Brazoria 618 Brazos 370 Brewster 114 Briscoe 18 Brooks 52 Brown 223 Burleson 122 Burnet 108 Caldwell 206 Calhoun 101 Callahan 153 Cameron 355 Camp 40 Carson 33 Cass 145 Castro 10 Chambers 152 Cherokee 196 Childress 91 Clay 133 Cochran 1 Coke 99 Coleman 150 Collin 1127 Collingsworth 65 Colorado 252 Comal 231 Comanche 212 Concho 75 Cooke 283 Coryell 204 Cottle 80 Crane 19 Crockett 160 Crosby 15 Culberson 139 Dallam 22 Dallas 3230 Dawson 5 DeWitt 263 Deaf Smith 26 Delta 99 Denton 991 Dickens 73 Dimmit 74 Donley 68 Duval 121 Eastland 234 Ector 144 Edwards 26 El Paso 783 Ellis 691 Erath 198 Falls 308 Fannin 307 Fayette 371 Fisher 145 Floyd 10 Foard 60 Fort Bend 795 Franklin 74 Freestone 167 Frio 146 Galveston 344 Garza 51 Gillespie 134 Glasscock 28 Goliad 126 Gonzales 284 Gray 79 Grayson 513 Gregg 214 Grimes 245 Guadalupe 296 Hale 48 Hall 117 Hamilton 119 Hansford 36 Hardeman 77 Hardin 167 Harris 4029 Harrison 269 Hartley 17 Haskell 80 Hays 272 Hemphill 35 Henderson 216 Hidalgo 405 Hill 405 Hockley 3 Hood 83 Hopkins 250 Houston 196 Howard 144 Hudspeth 131 Hunt 456 Hutchinson 50 Irion 50 Jack 135 Jackson 170 Jasper 179 Jeff Davis 134 Jefferson 457 Jim Hogg 29 Jim Wells 186 Johnson 404 Jones 168 Karnes 144 Kaufman 452 Kendall 112 Kenedy 17 Kent 32 Kerr 174 Kimble 149 King 45 Kinney 38 Kleberg 60 Knox 51 La Salle 146 Lamar 307 Lamb 11 Lampasas 91 Lavaca 262 Lee 139 Leon 160 Liberty 231 Limestone 280 Lipscomb 38 Live Oak 217 Llano 84 Loving 4 Lubbock 242 Lynn 5 Madison 121 Marion 59 Martin 19 Mason 84 Matagorda 192 Maverick 122 McCulloch 118 McLennan 714 McMullen 63 Medina 214 Menard 63 Midland 135 Milam 191 Mills 68 Mitchell 140 Montague 234 Montgomery 710 Moore 26 Morris 70 Motley 51 Nacogdoches 237 Navarro 345 Newton 157 Nolan 166 Nueces 528 Ochiltree 31 Oldham 50 Orange 179 Palo Pinto 237 Panola 142 Parker 350 Parmer 26 Pecos 470 Polk 210 Potter 181 Presidio 75 Rains 53 Randall 101 Reagan 28 Real 28 Red River 163 Reeves 213 Refugio 136 Roberts 22 Robertson 137 Rockwall 107 Runnels 158 Rusk 280 Sabine 93 San Augustine 94 San Jacinto 78 San Patricio 235 San Saba 90 Schleicher 33 Scurry 138 Shackelford 78 Shelby 176 Sherman 29 Smith 427 Somervell 28 Starr 64 Stephens 115 Sterling 54 Stonewall 50 Sutton 92 Swisher 69 Tarrant 2617 Taylor 419 Terrell 53 Terry 5 Throckmorton 53 Titus 158 Tom Green 310 Travis 1544 Trinity 81 Tyler 134 Upshur 139 Upton 39 Uvalde 103 Val Verde 113 Van Zandt 249 Victoria 344 Walker 163 Waller 177 Ward 54 Washington 232 Webb 383 Wharton 372 Wheeler 104 Wichita 399 Wilbarger 151 Willacy 124 Williamson 1170 Wilson 139 Winkler 5 Wise 264 Wood 120 Young 109 Zapata 36 Zavala 72

Texas vs nearby ranks

Adjacent states by Poor-condition share (lower share = better)

States are ranked by the share of bridges whose lowest applicable component rating is 4 or below. This describes recorded condition; it does not measure funding effectiveness or live crossing safety. States here sit immediately above and below Texas on the same metric.

NV

Nevada

1.14% top marginal rate
Structure
Progressive
Burden @ $100K
$2,099

AZ

Arizona

1.15% top marginal rate
Structure
Progressive
Burden @ $100K
$8,573
Selected

TX

Texas

1.23% top marginal rate
Structure
Progressive
Burden @ $100K
$56,729

DE

Delaware

1.26% top marginal rate
Structure
Progressive
Burden @ $100K
$872

GA

Georgia

1.59% top marginal rate
Structure
Progressive
Burden @ $100K
$15,069

Bridges Needing Most Attention in Texas

Six lowest-condition bridges in Texas, ranked by the portal's composite display score. Inspection intervals are risk-based under current NBIS rules.

CR 1565

Poor

Over: TIMBER CREEK

0.3 MI SE OF FM 898, Fannin, TX

Built 1987 Load: 0.0 t ADT: 50

CR 4020

Poor

Over: CANEY CREEK

0.6 MI S OF US 82, Fannin, TX

Built 1970 Load: 0.0 t ADT: 70

CR 3805

Poor

Over: SPRING CREEK

1.9 MI W OF SH 11, Fannin, TX

Built 1997 Load: 0.0 t ADT: 20

Shelby Ave

Poor

Over: Farber Creek Branch

0.6 Mi E of SH 66, Hunt, TX

Built 1935 Load: 0.0 t ADT: 2,410

CR 385 (16300)

Poor

Over: Little Sandy Creek

1.1 Mi N of FM 196, Lamar, TX

Built 1994 Load: 0.0 t ADT: 100

CR 15500

Poor

Over: Big Sandy Creek

1.0 Mi E of FM 1497, Lamar, TX

Built 1996 Load: 0.0 t ADT: 100

All Bridges in Texas

SH 16

Good

Over: CONNOR CREEK

6.5 MI SE OF FM 1287, Young, TX

Built 1982 Load: 40.8 t ADT: 1,965

LINDY ST

Good

Over: DRY CREEK

0.33 MI N OF ALFORD ST, Young, TX

Built 1997 Load: 40.8 t ADT: 100

FM 296

Good

Over: E Rita Blanca Creek 1

4.1 Mi E of US 87, Dallam, TX

Built 1953 Load: 40.8 t ADT: 268

Duncan St

Good

Over: Red Deer Creek

0.4 Mi S of Kentucky, Gray, TX

Built 1961 Load: 40.8 t ADT: 2,700

Cuyler St

Good

Over: Red Deer Creek

0.4 Mi S of Kentucky, Gray, TX

Built 2003 Load: 40.8 t ADT: 1,280

FM 1261

Good

Over: Hackberry Creek

3.2 Mi N of FM 2535, Hansford, TX

Built 1996 Load: 40.8 t ADT: 111

FM 1261

Good

Over: Hackberry Creek

5.4 Mi N of FM 2535, Hansford, TX

Built 1996 Load: 40.8 t ADT: 111

FM 277

Good

Over: Dads Creek

2.5 Mi E of US 83, Hemphill, TX

Built 1993 Load: 40.8 t ADT: 156

FM 281

Good

Over: SOUTH PALO DURO CREEK

5.0 MI W of SH 136, Hutchinson, TX

Built 1996 Load: 40.8 t ADT: 540

US 385

Good

Over: Boys Ranch Road

1.8 Mi N of FM 1061, Oldham, TX

Built 1975 Load: 40.8 t ADT: 5,415

IH 40 WB

Good

Over: WESTERN ST

I 40 MP 67.7, Potter, TX

Built 1966 Load: 40.8 t ADT: 32,302

IH 40 EB

Good

Over: WESTERN ST

2.7 MI W OF IH 27, Potter, TX

Built 1966 Load: 40.8 t ADT: 37,733

IH 40 WB

Good

Over: GEORGIA ST

1.65 MI W OF IH 27, Potter, TX

Built 1966 Load: 40.8 t ADT: 32,075

IH 40 EB

Good

Over: GEORGIA ST

1.65 MI W OF IH 27, Potter, TX

Built 1966 Load: 40.8 t ADT: 33,102

SP 326 NB

Good

Over: FIRST ST / BNSF RR

0.3 MI N OF US 82, Lubbock, TX

Built 1955 Load: 40.8 t ADT: 3,330

FM 1731

Good

Over: FRIO DRAW

0.2 MI S OF FM 2013, Parmer, TX

Built 1952 Load: 40.8 t ADT: 142

IH 27 WFR

Good

Over: HAPPY DRAW

1.1 MI S OF RANDALL CO LN, Swisher, TX

Built 1983 Load: 40.8 t ADT: 190

IH 27 SB ML

Good

Over: HAPPY DRAW

1.1 MI S OF RANDALL CO LN, Swisher, TX

Built 1983 Load: 40.8 t ADT: 5,309

US 87 NB

Good

Over: SOUTH TULE CREEK RELIEF

0.6 MI N OF FM 928, Swisher, TX

Built 1934 Load: 40.8 t ADT: 590

IH 20 EB

Good

Over: MONAHANS DRAW

0.60 MI W OF US 385, Ector, TX

Built 1966 Load: 40.8 t ADT: 23,294

IH 20 WB

Good

Over: LOOP 338

4.15 MI E OF US 385, Ector, TX

Built 1966 Load: 40.8 t ADT: 24,300

IH 10 WB

Good

Over: Draw

3.10 Mi E of FM 2023, Pecos, TX

Built 1975 Load: 40.8 t ADT: 4,007

IH 10 EB

Good

Over: Draw

3.10 Mi E of FM 2023, Pecos, TX

Built 1975 Load: 40.8 t ADT: 2,008

US 285

Good

Over: Draw

7.4 Mi N of US 90, Terrell, TX

Built 1950 Load: 40.8 t ADT: 1,259

FM 516

Good

Over: Cedarvale Canal

2.80 MI NW of FM 3398, Ward, TX

Built 1947 Load: 40.8 t ADT: 312

FM 516

Good

Over: DRAINAGE DITCH

2.95 MI NW OF IH 20 BUS, Ward, TX

Built 1947 Load: 40.8 t ADT: 1,091

SH 208

Good

Over: CEMENT CREEK

0.55 MI N OF FM 2662, Coke, TX

Built 1963 Load: 40.8 t ADT: 1,638

SH 208

Good

Over: ANTELOPE CREEK

0.20 MI S OF FM 2034, Coke, TX

Built 1963 Load: 40.8 t ADT: 1,638

E OLIVER AVE

Good

Over: KICKAPOO CREEK

0.55 MI E OF US 277, Coke, TX

Built 1993 Load: 40.8 t ADT: 100

IH 10 WB

Good

Over: DRAW

0.82 MI E OF RM 2398, Crockett, TX

Built 1974 Load: 40.8 t ADT: 4,260

IH 10 EB

Good

Over: DRAW

0.82 MI E OF RM 2398, Crockett, TX

Built 1974 Load: 40.8 t ADT: 4,278

RM 1674

Good

Over: NIXON CREEK

0.65 MI W OF RM 2291, Kimble, TX

Built 1948 Load: 40.8 t ADT: 334

IH 10

Good

Over: FRONTAGE ROAD

0.75 MI E OF US 83, Kimble, TX

Built 1969 Load: 40.8 t ADT: 6,230

US 190

Good

Over: SCALP CREEK

2.92 MI E OF US 83, Menard, TX

Built 1980 Load: 40.8 t ADT: 826

BOIS DARK ROAD

Good

Over: SAN SABA RIVER

0.15 MI SOUTH OF US 190, Menard, TX

Built 2016 Load: 40.8 t ADT: 100

US 83

Good

Over: MILL CREEK RELIEF

6.9 MI N OF FM 1770, Runnels, TX

Built 1972 Load: 40.8 t ADT: 2,538

US 83

Good

Over: BLUFF CREEK

6.2 MI N OF FM 1770, Runnels, TX

Built 1972 Load: 40.8 t ADT: 2,538

SH 153

Good

Over: GAP CREEK

2.2 MI E OF FM 2647, Runnels, TX

Built 1971 Load: 40.8 t ADT: 937

LP 438

Good

Over: BIG COYOTE CREEK

0.3 MI E OF SH 153, Runnels, TX

Built 1980 Load: 40.8 t ADT: 302

US 190

Good

Over: LIVE OAK HOLLOW

9.17 MI E OF US 277, Schleicher, TX

Built 1964 Load: 40.8 t ADT: 333

US 67 SB

Good

Over: RM 853 (ARDEN ROAD)

2.95 MI SW OF US 87, Tom Green, TX

Built 2003 Load: 40.8 t ADT: 10,000

US 67 NB

Good

Over: RM 853 (ARDEN ROAD)

2.95 MI SW OF US 87, Tom Green, TX

Built 2003 Load: 40.8 t ADT: 9,900

VAN BUREN STREET

Good

Over: US 67

1.05 MI SW OF US 87, Tom Green, TX

Built 2003 Load: 40.8 t ADT: 5,000

LOOP 306 EB ML

Good

Over: SOUTH CONCHO RIVER W REL

1.05 MI W OF US 87, Tom Green, TX

Built 1972 Load: 40.8 t ADT: 8,500

LOOP 306 EB ML

Good

Over: DRAIN & BEN FICKLIN RD

0.30 MI W OF US 87, Tom Green, TX

Built 1972 Load: 40.8 t ADT: 8,500

US 67 SB

Good

Over: CHADBOURNE ST

0.35 MI NE OF US 87, Tom Green, TX

Built 1999 Load: 40.8 t ADT: 15,650

US 67 SB ENTR RAMP

Good

Over: US 67 SB EXIT RAMP

0.65 MI NE OF US 87, Tom Green, TX

Built 1999 Load: 40.8 t ADT: 3,130

US 277

Good

Over: DRAW

4.10MI N OF SCHLEICHER CL, Tom Green, TX

Built 1975 Load: 40.8 t ADT: 2,088

US 277

Good

Over: N RELIEF BOIS DARC DRAW

1.50MI N OF SCHLEICHER CL, Tom Green, TX

Built 1975 Load: 40.8 t ADT: 2,088

FM 1692

Good

Over: SALES BRANCH

0.15 MI N OF US 67, Tom Green, TX

Built 1958 Load: 40.8 t ADT: 534

Showing 54,851-54,900 of 56,729 bridges

Related

All states → | National rankings → | Understanding conditions → | Retired SD term explained →
Data sourced from the FHWA National Bridge Inventory (NBI), latest released cycle. See our methodology for details. Retrieved and formatted by PlainBridges.

Disclaimer: This information is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute professional advice. Data is sourced from the FHWA National Bridge Inventory (NBI). Poor condition is an inspection-record category, not a closure or unsafe-to-cross designation. Consult the bridge owner for current status.

Understanding Bridge Conditions

How FHWA rates bridge condition on a 0-9 scale.

Check Your Daily Bridges

How to look up bridge condition data for bridges on your route.

Read our methodology — how this data is sourced, computed, and verified.

What to do with this

Use Texas's inventory picture to drill to a county or a specific span.

NBI condition ratings are inventory snapshots, not live crossing-safety verdicts.

Every figure on PlainBridges is rendered directly from federal source data, no number is typed in by an editor. Texas Good/Fair/Poor shares and county rollups on this page are computed from the same NBI extract as the national boards; no figure is typed in by an editor. See our editorial standards & corrections policy, the methodology behind these numbers, or report a data error. Data current as of 2024 NBI release. NBI condition categories reflect the latest reported inventory record, not a live safety, closure, or travel decision.